杨宁 发表于 2020-6-13 12:37:15

双份还是一份

 
<P><FONT size=4>二,汉语圣经的翻译和比较研究(旧约)</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>第450篇</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=6>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 双份还是一份</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 网上有读者发现圣经撒上1:5这一节经文,各种译本有不同的译文,究竟哪一个对呢?</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这一节经文是讲以利加拿给他的妻子哈拿祭肉的问题。是给了双份,还是一份,不同的译本译文如下:</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【和合本】给哈拿的却是<SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">双份</SPAN>,因为他爱哈拿,无奈耶和华不使哈拿生育。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【现代中文译本】虽然以利加拿很爱哈娜,但只能分给她<SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">一份,</SPAN>因为上主一直没让她生育。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【吕振中译本】虽然他比较爱哈拿,给哈拿的倒只有<SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">一分</SPAN>,是因为永恒主闭着她的子宫。(注:仿七十子翻译的)</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【新译本】但他<SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">当面(?)</SPAN>只分给哈拿<SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">一份</SPAN>,他虽然爱哈拿,耶和华却使哈拿不能怀孕。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【思高本】只给了亚纳<SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">一分</SPAN>;他虽喜爱亚纳,无奈上主封闭了她的子宫。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【牧灵圣经】然而给亚纳的,则是<SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">更多更好的一份</SPAN>。因为他更爱她,虽然雅威使她不能生育。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【KJV】But unto Hannah he gave <SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">a worthy portion</SPAN>; for he loved Hannah; but the L</FONT><FONT size=2>ORD</FONT><FONT size=4> had shut up her womb.</FONT></P>
<P>【NKJV】 But to Hannah he would give <SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">a double portion</SPAN>, for he loved Hannah, although the LORD had closed her womb.</P>
<P><FONT size=4>【RSV】and, although he loved Hannah, he would give Hannah only <SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">one portion</SPAN>, because the L</FONT><FONT size=2>ORD</FONT><FONT size=4> had closed her womb.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【NRSV】but to Hannah he gave <SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">a double portion</SPAN>, because he loved her, though the L</FONT><FONT size=2>ORD</FONT><FONT size=4> had closed her womb.</FONT></P>
<P>【NIV】But to Hannah <FONT size=4>he gave <SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">a double portion</SPAN> because he loved her</FONT>, and the L<FONT size=2>ORD </FONT><FONT size=4>had closed her womb.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【Die Bibel】Aber Hanna gab er <SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">ein Stuck</SPAN> traurig ;denn er hatte Hanna lieb, obgleich der H</FONT><FONT size=2>ERR </FONT><FONT size=4>ihren Leib</FONT><FONT size=2> </FONT><FONT size=4>verschlossen hate.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【NAB】but <SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">a double portion</SPAN> to Hannah because he loved her, though the L</FONT><FONT size=2>ORD</FONT><FONT size=4> had made her barren.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>【NJB】to Hannah, however, he would give only <SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffff00">one portion</SPAN>; for, although he loved Hannah more, Yahweh had made her barren.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 我们再看希伯来文圣经,相对应的一个短语是由H4490(部分),H259(一),H637(也,又)组成。从希伯来文圣经来看,译为‘一份’似乎是对的。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 但在NRSV这节经文的脚注里说明,是依据的叙利亚古译本,而认为希伯来文圣经马所拉文本在这里是不确定(uncertain)的。以致于NRSV的译文修订了RSV,NKJV修订了KJV,‘一份’改为‘双份’。同是天主教的英语圣经,新耶路撒冷圣经NJB是‘一份’,而新美国圣经NAB是‘双份’。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 从以上分析可看出,不同译者对这节经文的理解是有差异的,也都是认真的。我们读者了解到译文有差异的原因以后,也不必深究对错问题,也许有一天我们见到以利加拿和哈拿,才最后知道是‘一份’或是‘双份’。但这些差异并不影响我们所信仰的基本要道,也不损伤圣经的绝对权威;而更说明圣经学者严谨治学的精神,对圣经里的每一个字和词,都是经过认真研究的。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2007,9,16</FONT></P>
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